Massachusetts

Capital: Boston State abbreviation/Postal code: Mass./MA Governor: Deval Patrick, D (to Jan. 2011) Lieut. Governor: Timothy Murray, D (to Jan. 2011) Senators: Edward M. Kennedy, D (to Jan. 2013); John F. Kerry, D (to Jan. 2009) U.S. Representatives: 10 Historical biographies of Congressional members Secy. of the Commonwealth: William F. Galvin, D (to Jan. 2011) Treasurer: Timothy P. Cahill, D (to Jan. 2011) Atty. General: Martha Coakley, D (to Jan. 2011) Present constitution drafted: 1780 (oldest U.S. state constitution in effect today) Entered Union (rank): Feb. 6, 1788 (6) Motto: Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem (By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty) State symbols: flower mayflower (1918) tree American elm (1941) bird chickadee (1941) song “All Hail to Massachusetts” (1966) beverage cranberry juice (1970) insect ladybug (1974) cookie chocolate chip (1997) muffin corn muffin (1986) dessert Boston cream pie (1996) Nicknames: Bay State; Old Colony State Origin of name: From Massachusett tribe of Native Americans, meaning “at or about the great hill” 10 largest cities (2005 est.): Boston, 559,034; Worcester, 175,898; Springfield, 151,732; Lowell, 103,111; Cambridge, 100,135; Brockton, 94,632; New Bedford, 93,102; Fall River, 91,802; Quincy, 90,250; Lynn, 88,792 Land area: 7,840 sq mi. (20,306 sq km) Geographic center: In the town of Rutland in Worcester Co. Number of counties: 14 Largest county by population and area: Middlesex, 1,459,011 (2005); Worcester, 1,513 sq mi. State forests and parks: 450,000 ac. Residents: Bay Stater 2005 resident population est.: 6,398,743 2000 resident census population (rank): 6,349,097 (13). Male: 3,058,816 (48.2%); Female: 3,290,281 (51.8%). White: 5,367,286 (84.5%); Black: 343,454 (5.4%); American Indian: 15,015 (0.2%); Asian: 238,124 (3.8%); Other race: 236,724 (3.7%); Two or more races: 146,005 (2.3%); Hispanic/Latino: 428,729 (6.8%). 2000 percent population 18 and over: 76.4; 65 and over: 13.5; median age: 36.5. See additional census data Area codes Tourism office

Map of Massachusetts

Massachusetts has played a significant role in American history since the Pilgrims, seeking religious freedom, founded Plymouth Colony in 1620. As one of the most important of the 13 colonies, Massachusetts became a leader in resisting British oppression. In 1773, the Boston Tea Party protested unjust taxation. The Minute Men started the American Revolution by battling British troops at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775.

During the 19th century, Massachusetts was famous for the intellectual activity of its writers and educators and for its expanding commercial fishing, shipping, and manufacturing interests. Massachusetts pioneered the manufacture of textiles and shoes. Today, these industries have been replaced in importance by the electronics and communications equipment fields.

The state's cranberry crop is the nation's second-largest (after Wisconsin). Also important are dairy and poultry products, nursery and greenhouse produce, vegetables, and fruit.

Tourism has become an important factor in the economy of the state because of its numerous recreational areas and historical landmarks. Cape Cod has beaches, summer theaters, and an artists' colony at Provincetown. The Berkshires, in the western part of the state, is the site of Tanglewood, the summer home of the Boston Symphony; art museums, including Mass MoCA and the Clark Institute; and Jacob's Pillow, a world renowned dance center.

Among the many other points of interest are Old Sturbridge Village in Sturbridge, Minute Man National Historical Park between Lexington and Concord, and Plimoth Plantation in Plymouth. In Boston there are many places of historical interest, including Old North Church, Old State House, Faneuil Hall, the USS Constitution, and the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum.

See more on Massachusetts:
Encyclopedia: Massachusetts
Encyclopedia: Geography
Encyclopedia: Economy
Encyclopedia: Government
Encyclopedia: History
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Selected famous natives and residents:

• John Adams president;

• John Quincy Adams president;

• Samuel Adams patriot;

• Bronson Alcott educator and social reformer;

• Louisa May Alcott writer;

• Horatio Alger novelist;

• Susan B. Anthony woman suffragist;

• Clara Barton American Red Cross founder;

• Leonard Bernstein conductor;

• George H. W. Bush president;

• William Cullen Bryant poet and editor;

• Luther Burbank horticulturalist;

• John Cheever novelist;

• John Singleton Copley painter;

• E. E. Cummings poet;

• Jacques d'Amboise ballet dancer;

• Bette Davis actress;

• Cecil B. DeMille film director;

• Emily Dickinson poet;

• Ralph Waldo Emerson philosopher and poet;

• Geraldine Farrar soprano, actress;

• Benjamin Franklin statesman and scientist;

• Buckminster Fuller architect and educator;

• Robert Goddard father of modern rocketry;

• John Hancock statesman;

• Nathaniel Hawthorne novelist;

• Oliver Wendell Holmes jurist;

• Winslow Homer painter;

• Elias Howe inventor;

• John F. Kennedy president;

• Amy Lowell poet;

• James Russell Lowell poet;

• Robert Lowell poet;

• Horace Mann educator;

• Cotton Mather clergyman;

• Herman Melville writer;

• Samuel F. B. Morse painter and inventor;

• Edgar Allan Poe writer;

• Paul Revere silversmith and Revolutionary War figure;

• Norman Rockwell artist;

• Dr. Seuss (Theodore Geisel) author and illustrator;

• David Souter jurist;

• Lucy Stone woman suffragist;

• Louis Henry Sullivan architect;

• Henry David Thoreau author;

• Barbara Walters TV commentator;

• James McNeill Whistler painter;

• Eli Whitney inventor;

• John Greenleaf Whittier poet.

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